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Introduction
To cater the power requirement of state, Bihar State Hydroelectric Power Corporation Ltd., (BHPC) is trying to exploit the available hydro potential in the state. In the process of identifying the potential sites for hydro power generation, reconnaissance survey was got conducted by BHPC through NHPC to set up large hydel projects in the district of Kaimur and Munger in Bihar. Reconnaissance survey report was submitted by NHPC to BHPC in May 2002. NHPC in it report identified some hydel projects for possible development. It was also found that from geological and topographical considerations, it was possible to develop Pumped Storage scheme at some locations subject to technical feasibility and economical viability.
Project Purpose
Sinafdar fall site is located on the Karsotha Nallah in the Kaimur district of Bihar. The site is located about 60 km from Bhabua road which is the nearest rail head. The site is suitable for a Pumped Storage scheme. The power required for pumping the water from lower reservoir to upper reservoir shall be taken from the grid during off-peak hours when it is available at cheaper rates. This will act as value addition to nearby thermal power plant and improve the grid stability. Pumped Storage Schemes consume energy during off-peak hours thereby improving plant load factor of thermal plants. These can act as spinning reserve and help in improvement of load factor of the system. Pumped Storage Schemes can provide the required peaking support especially during lean season. It also helps in smoothening the frequency curve. Pumped Storage Schemes are independent of vagaries of monsoon. During peak period the Sinafdar Pumped Storage Scheme shall provide the required high value power to the State of Bihar.
Salient Feature
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1.0 |
Location |
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Country |
India |
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State |
Bihar |
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District |
Kaimur |
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River |
Sura river (Right fork) |
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Project Area |
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Longitudinal (Upper dam Site) |
E 830 36’ 47” |
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Latitude |
N 240 49’ 51” |
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Access to the Project |
Bhabua town 45 km |
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Nearest village |
Salea-Dahar |
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Airport |
Patna (240km) / Varanasi(130KM) |
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Nearest Railhead |
Bhabua road 60 km |
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Port |
Kolkata |
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2.0 |
Scheme |
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Type |
Pumped Storage |
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Installed Capacity |
345 MW |
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3.0 |
Hydrology |
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Catchment area |
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Upper dam |
27.96 sq.km |
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Lower dam |
13.73 sq.km |
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Maximum annual rainfall |
1300 mm. |
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Minimum annual rainfall |
540 mm |
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Max. Intensity (One day) at Bhagwanpur |
131 mm/day |
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Maximum observed flow at Sinafdar fall |
6.113 cumec |
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Minimum observed flow at Sinafdar fall |
0.000 Cumec |
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Maximum Design Flood |
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Upper dam |
140 Cumec |
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Lower dam |
80 Cumec |
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Annual average sediment load |
0.07 Ha M/ Sq km / year (at Kadhwan) |
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Annual Average evaporation |
145 cm (Average of Kadhwan, Purulia and Koel Karo) |
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4.0 |
Civil Structure |
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4.1 |
Upper Dam |
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Type |
Rockfill with central clay core |
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River bed level |
El. 280 M |
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Top level of the Dam |
El. 325 M |
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Maximum height (Above riverbed level) |
45 m |
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Top width of the Dam |
8m |
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Length of the Dam at top |
500 m |
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Diversion Structure |
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Type |
Tunnel |
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Length |
100 m |
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Diameter |
4m |
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Spillway |
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Type |
Tunnel |
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Length |
450 m |
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Diameter of tunnel |
4m |
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Crest Level |
El. 282 M |
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Design flood |
140 Cumec |
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Type of gate |
Vertical lift |
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Reservoir |
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MDDL |
EL 300 M |
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FRL |
EL 320 M |
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Gross capacity |
9.88 Mcum. |
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Live storage |
8.08 Mcum. |
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Reservoir surface area at FRL |
65 ha. |
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4.2 |
Lower Dam |
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Type |
Concrete/RCC dam |
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River bed level |
El 148 M |
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FRL |
EL 185 M |
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MDDL |
EL 170 M |
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Top level of Dam |
EL 190 M |
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Maximum height |
42 m |
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Top width of Dam |
8m |
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Length of the Dam at the top |
160 m |
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Spillway |
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Type |
Under sluice |
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No. of bays |
2 |
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Size of bays |
2m x 4m |
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Crest level |
EL 153 M |
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Design flood |
80 Cumec |
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Type of gate |
Radial gate |
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Reservoir |
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MDDL |
EL 170 M |
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FRL |
EL 185 M |
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Gross capacity |
12.38 Mcum. |
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Live Storage |
7.88 Mcum. |
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Reservoir surface area at FRL |
58 ha. |
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4.3 |
Upper Intake/outlet |
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Type |
Isolated |
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No. of Intakes |
3 |
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Discharge (With 10% overload load |
135 Cumec |
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Gate |
Vertical Lift type |
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Invert level of intake |
El. 285 M |
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4.4 |
Head race tunnel |
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Type |
Partly steel & partly concrete lined |
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Shape |
Horse-shoe |
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Number |
3 |
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Diameter |
7m |
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Length |
Steel lined 65 m Concrete lined 500 m |
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4.5 |
Pressure Shaft |
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Type |
Party steel & partly concrete lined |
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Shape |
Circular |
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Number |
3 |
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Concrete Lined |
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Length |
194 m |
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Diameter |
7m |
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Steel Lined |
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Length |
100 m |
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Diameter |
6m |
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4.6 |
Surge Shaft |
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Number |
3 |
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Shape |
Circular |
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Height |
60 M |
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Diameter |
14 m |
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4.7 |
Power House Complex |
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Type |
Under Ground |
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Size of Power House Cavern |
107x21x40m |
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Service bay level |
EL 170 M |
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C.L. of Machines |
EL 160 M |
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Installed capacity |
3 x 115 MW |
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Peak operating duration |
6 hours |
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4.8 |
Transformer Cavern cum gate shaft |
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Type |
Under Ground |
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Size |
100x15x28m |
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Service bay level |
EL 187 M |
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Cable shaft |
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Diameter |
6 m |
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Height |
30 m |
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4.9 |
Tailrace outlet / lower intake |
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Type |
D-Shaped tunnels |
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No. of tunnels |
3 Nos. |
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Diameter |
7 m |
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Tunnel length |
175 m |
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4.10 |
Switchyard |
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Type |
Surface |
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Dimension |
200 x 100 m |
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Elevation |
El. + 280 M |
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5.0 |
Estimated cost |
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Total project Cost (excluding transmission line) |
Rs. 1184.74 Crores at Jan 2006 price level |
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5.3 |
Annual Energy Generation, Off peak Energy for pumping and tariff |
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(a) |
6 hours peaking and 8.6 hours pumping | |
| i) Energy Generation | 753.48 MU | |
| ii) Pumping energy | 1087.16 MU | |
| iii) Sale rate at bus bar | Rs. 4.95 without free power | |
| iv) Sale rate at bus bar | Rs. 5.63 with 12% free power | |
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(b) |
4.6 hours peaking and 6 hours pumping | |
| i) Energy Generation | 565.11 MU | |
| ii) Pumping energy | 807.3 MU | |
| iii) Sale rate at bus bar | Rs. 5.98 without free power | |
| iv) Sale rate at bus bar | Rs. 6.79 with 12% free power | |
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(c) |
4 hours peaking and 5.75 hours pumping | |
| i) Energy generation | 502.32 MU | |
| ii) Pumping energy | 726.57 MU | |
| iii) Sale rate at bus bar | Rs. 6.52 without free | |
