Consultancy   Services

 

Hydro-Electric Power 

 

Hydro-electric power plants convert the kinetic energy contained in falling water into electricity. The energy in flowing water is ultimately derived from the sun, and is therefore constantly being renewed. Energy contained in sunlight evaporates water from the oceans and deposits it on land in the form of rain. Differences in land elevation result in rainfall runoff, and allow some of the original solar energy to be captured as hydro-electric power.

 

Hydro power is currently the world's largest renewable source of electricity, accounting for 6% of worldwide energy supply or about 15% of the world's electricity.

 

History of Hydro Power 

 

The first recorded use of water power was a clock, built around 250 BC. Since that time, humans have used falling water to provide power for grain and saw mills, as well as a host of other applications. The first use of moving water to produce electricity was a waterwheel on the Fox river in Wisconsin in 1882, two years after Thomas Edison unveiled the incandescent light bulb. The first of many hydro electric power plants at Niagara Falls was completed shortly thereafter. Hydro power continued to play a major role in the expansion of electrical service early in this century, both in North America and around the world. Contemporary Hydro-electric power plants generate anywhere from a few kW, enough for a single residence, to thousands of MW, power enough to supply a large city.

 

Early hydro-electric power plants were much more reliable and efficient than the fossil fuel fired plants of the day. This resulted in a proliferation of small to medium sized hydro-electric generating stations distributed wherever there was an adequate supply of moving water and a need for electricity.  

Hydro-Electric Power Plants 

Hydro-electric power plants capture the energy released by water falling through a vertical distance, and transform this energy into useful electricity. In general, falling water is channelled through a turbine which converts the water's energy into mechanical power. The rotation of the water turbines is transferred to a generator which produces electricity. The amount of electricity which can be generated at a hydro-electric plant is dependant upon two factors. These factors are (1) the vertical distance through which the water falls, called the "head", and (2) the flow rate, measured as volume per unit time. The electricity produced is proportional to the product of the head and the rate of flow.

 

Based on the facts presented above, hydro-electric power plants can generally be divided into two categories. "High head" power plants are the most common and generally utilize a dam to store water at an increased elevation. The use of a dam to impound water also provides the capability of storing water during rainy periods and releasing it during dry periods. This results in the consistent and reliable production of electricity, able to meet demand. Heads for this type of power plant may be greater than  1000 m. Most large hydro-electric facilities are of the high head variety. High head plants with storage are very valuable to electric utilities because they can be quickly adjusted to meet the electrical demand on a distribution system.

 

"Low head" hydro-electric plants are power plants which generally utilize heads of only a few meters or less. Power plants of this type may utilize a low dam or weir to channel water, or no dam and simply use the "run of the river". Run of the river generating stations cannot store water, thus their electric output varies with seasonal flows of water in a river. A large volume of water must pass through a low head hydro plant's turbines in order to produce a useful amount of power. Hydro-electric facilities with a capacity of less than about 25 MW (1 MW = 1,000,000 Watts) are generally referred to as "small hydro", although hydro-electric technology is basically the same regardless of generating capacity.

 

"Pumped Storage" is another form of hydro-electric power. Pumped storage facilities use excess electrical system capacity, generally available at night, to pump water from one reservoir to another reservoir at a higher elevation. During periods of peak electrical demand, water from the higher reservoir is released through turbines to the lower reservoir, and electricity is produced. Although pumped storage sites are not net producers of electricity - it actually takes more electricity to pump the water up than is recovered when it is released - they are a valuable addition to electricity supply systems. Their value is in their ability

to store electricity for use at a later time when peak demands are occurring. Storage is even more valuable if intermittent sources of electricity such as solar or wind are hooked into a system.

Advantages of Hydro Power

Hydro power is a renewable, economic, non polluting and environmentally benign source of energy. Hydro power stations have the inherent ability for instantaneous starting, stopping, load variations etc. and help in improving reliability  of power system. There is no fuel cost during the life of the station as hydro power  generation is a non consumptive use of water.

 

The benefits of hydro power as a clean, environment friendly and economically attractive source of energy have now been sufficiently recognized. The need for its accelerated development also comes from  its capability of enhanced system reliability and economics of utilization of resources. 

 

Need for Hydro Share correction

At the time of Independence, the share of hydro in the total  installed capacity was around 37% which continued to rise, crossing 50% in the year 1963. The share of hydro, however, started declining thereafter. Until the late seventies, the share of hydro remained above 40%, considered to be the ideal hydro-thermal mix for meeting the demand in an efficient manner. However, ever since the eighties, the share of hydro has started declining sharply and at present, the share of hydro constitutes only about 25% of the overall installed capacity of the country.5 

 

 Power Scenario in Bihar

Post bifurcation of Bihar, the power availability scenario in the state has worsened, as most operational power generating plants fell within the territory of Jharkhand. Bihar’s power system has a peak of about 1,500 MW under the currently constrained demand scenario, where electricity covers barely 50% of villages and 6% of households. Against this peak demand, the availability is only about 950 MW, leading to wide-scale rationing of power to all categories of consumers.

 

The annual per capita consumption in Bihar is currently at 75 units, against a national average of 603 units in Financial Year 2005. The National Electricity Policy aims to achieve an annual average per capita consumption of 1,000 units by 2012. This growth is predicated on increasing generation availability to remove peak electricity demand and energy shortfalls, as well as implementation of the noteworthy Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana (RGGVY), which seeks to electrify all villages in India by 2009 under Central Government provision of 90% to 100% grant funds for creation of rural electrification backbone.

 

Bihar shall continue to be a large beneficiary under the RGGVY scheme, which will create substantial additional demand on the system, as new villages and households are provided access to electricity. This is in addition to the expansion in industrial consumption of electricity which is expected in wake of the attractive environment created by promulgation of the Bihar Single Window Clearance Act, 2006 and the Bihar Infrastructure Development Enabling Act, 2006 allied with the State Government’s new Industrial Incentive Policy.

 

            Against this backdrop, a target per capita consumption for Bihar equal to the current national average (of about 650 units) by 2012 is realistic and achievable under the growth factors discussed above. This per capita consumption translates to a staggering 10,500 MW of generation requirement for Bihar.

 

            Rapid augmentation of generation capacity is an overwhelming priority for the State Government and a crucial factor in achieving the socio-economic growth targets that the government has set forth to achieve by 2012.   

 

Achieving minimal levels of self-sufficiency in generation capacity is necessary in the context of this significant growth requirement. Hydro generation as a clean, renewable and long-term source of energy with peaking capability has a valuable role in this generation addition strategy for Bihar and can significantly supplement the large coal-based capacity addition targets for the state. Once established, hydropower plants have long and productive lives in excess of 40 years, and in the long-run have substantively cheaper operating costs than coal-based or natural gas based plants.

 

Hydel Policy in Bihar

Salient Features:-

    Sale/Wheeling of Generated Power 

(i)    There will be no restriction on  power generation  capacity or supply of electricity to   the grid.

(ii)    The developer may   sell generated   power to the State grid/Bihar State Electricity Board. 

(iii)   The developer may sell/utilise generated power at the place of  generation or at any  other place for captive use. 

(iv)   The developer may be given license for distribution of power in a  specified area. The developer may sell generated power to third  party/private consumers through own transmission and distribution systems or wheel through the Bihar State Electricity Board systems on payment of appropriate wheeling charges for which the third party must be an H.T. consumer of the Bihar Electricity Board. 

(v)    Bihar State Electricity Board will extend the facility of wheeling the generated power through its transmission and distribution system as per agreed term with the developer.

Interfacing with State Grid/Bihar State Electricity Board Grid 

     In case the developer proposes to sell full or part of its generation to the grid or use the grid for wheeling power to third parties the developer will design the system at their own cost, such that interfacing with the State grid/Bihar Electricity Board grid is done as per the latter’s specifications and requirements.  

     Cost of Works  

     The entire cost of project, transmission system of evacuation of power to the nearest State/BSEB gird/sub-station including all metering, the protective instruments shall be borne by the developer. 

    Power Purchase and Pricing 

(i)  The purchase/sale  price  of such  power may be fixed by the Bihar Electricity   Regulatory Commission. 

(ii)   The developer and the third party, to whom electricity is wheeled  through the Bihar State Electricity Board grid, will be allowed to draw energy for their consumption during maintenance/shut down period of  the project as per the prevalent BSEB tariff at that point of time. 

BHPC – Power behind Hydro Power in Bihar 

The Bihar State Hydroelectric Power Corporation (BHPC) has traversed a course has traversed a course charted in consonance with national priorities and interests of the State which because of the widening energy deficit, required additional  capacity creation for generation of electricity through tapping of all available potential hydropower and ensuring a dependable hydro-thermal mix.

 

The BHPC continues to have responsibility for hydro power development in Jharkhand also, where, because of hilly terrains, sites for hydro power development are easier to locate. On the other hand, Bihar, after bifurcation of the State has a distinctly different geography, posing unique challenges in developing its hydropower potential. Comprising mainly plains with very little hilly areas the State needed a strategy for hydropower development totally different from what is suitable for Jharkhand. As a a result the BHPC which had set up three small hydropower plants (SHPs) on canal falls about a decade taking up execution of a series of SHPs on these canal falls. By the year 2008 additional capacity addition through three SHPs is expected to go up to 49 MW.

 

Simultaneously, efforts are underway to set up big hydropower projects. As many as four sites have been identified in the Kaimur district of Bihar for pumped storage schemes with a total capacity of 2570 MW. Several run-of-river projects are in the pipeline on the Kosi river. One of these projects to be set up in Supaul district of North Bihar, Dagmara, is assessed to have a potential of 126 MW. In addition, 17 sites have been identified in this area through a reconnaissance survey for setting up SHPs on Kosi and its subsidiary streams.

 

The Bihar State Hydroelectric Power Corporation (BHPC) has working since its very inception conforming to its corporate philosophy comprising the following::-

 

ü      to initiate steps for development of hydro power tapping all possible potential in the State of Bihar  as also in Jharkhand;

 

ü      to carry out all these activities with Dedication, Devotion and Discipline;

 

ü      to conduct all operations in harmony with the environment;

 

ü      to strive continuously for upgrading skills of manpower and acquisition of latest technology ; and

 

ü      keeping the interest of the people and national priorities in view in work out strategies to meet challenges that the power sector may face in coming years.

 

In a state like Bihar not endowed with plateau regions efforts for development of hydel power has to be necessarily directed at harnessing hydel potential of huge canal systems in the State.

Corporate Mission 

Æ	Explore and harness hydel potential of the State covering all aspects of investigation, planning, design, construction, operation and maintenance to produce pollution free and inexhaustible power.
Æ	Maintain high standards of  organizational values as a State sector public  utility  service.
Æ	Work with a commitment to safely growth  environment and human resource  development.
Æ	Foster the culture of commitment and transparency in a stimulating and challenging work environment.
Æ	Develop self-confidence, self–esteem and discipline.

Corporate Objectives 

Æ	Development of vast hydro potential at faster pace and minimum cost eliminating time and cost over  run.
Æ	Completion of all on going projects within  stipulated time frame.
Æ	Full utilization of installed capacity ensuring system stability.
Æ	Generation of sufficient internal resources for expansion and setting up of new projects.
Æ	Corporate growth along with  human resource development.
Æ	Emphasis on development in remote areas for employment and income generation.

Organizations  Involved as Consultants 

              Central Water Commission

              Central Electricity Authority

              Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee

 Associated Agencies 

              National Hydroelectric Power Corporation Ltd

              Associated Engineering  Centre, Patna

              M/s. Pareek Power Pvt. Ltd., Ranchi

              M/s. Nippon Power Ltd., Kolkata

              M/s. Shahabad Engg. Pvt. Ltd., Jamshedpur

              M/s Purochan Construction Company Pvt. Ltd., Patna

              M/s Meta Planners, Patna

              M/s. D.B.S. Construction Pvt. Ltd. Dehri-on-Sone

              M/s. D. N. Singh Associates, Patna 

 

Patrons  

 

        Ministry of New and Renewable Energy Sources

        Overseas Economic Cooperation Fund

        Water Resources Department, Government of  Bihar

        Bihar State Electricity Board

        Forest Department, Government of Bihar

        Energy Department, Government of Bihar

        Power Finance Corporation

        National Bank for Agriculture & Rural Development (NABARD) 

 

 P r o j e c t s   a t   a   G l a n c e

 

 

A.      IN OPERATION:
	Sl. No.	Project	District	Installed Capacity (MW)
BIHAR	1.	Sone Western Link Canal	Rohtas	6.6
	2.	Eastern Gandak Canal	W.Champaran	15
	3.	Sone Eastern Link Canal	Aurangabad	3.3
	4.	Agnoor	Arwal	1.0
	5.	Dhelabagh	Rohtas	1.0
	6.	Kataiya, Birpur	Supaul	19.2
	7.	Nasriganj	Rohtas	1.0
	8.	Triveni Link Canal	W. Champaran	3.00
	9.	Jainagara	Rohtas	1.00
			Total :=>	51.10 MW
JHARKHAND	1.	Nindighagh	Lohardaga	.02
	2.	Jalimghagh	Gumla	.02
	3.	Gautamghagh	Palamu	.01
		Total :=>		0.05 MW

 

B.    UNDER CONSTRUCTION
	Sl. No.	Project	District	Installed Capacity (MW)
BIHAR	1.	Amethi	Rohtas	0.50
	2.	Arwal	Arwal	0.50
	3.	Dehra	Aurangabad	1.00
	4.	Paharma	Rohtas	1.00
	5.	Rampur	Rohtas	0.25
	6.	Natwar	Rohtas	0.25
	7.	Sebari	Rohtas	1.00
	8.	Shirkhinda	Rohtas	0.70
	9.	Sipaha	Aurangabad	1.00
	10.	Tejpura	Aurangabad	1.50
	11.	Walidad	Arwal	0.70
	12.	Belsar	Arwal	1.00
	13.	Rajapur	Supaul	0.70
	14.	Dhoba	W.Champaran	2.00
	15.	Katanya	W.Champaran	2.00
	16.	Mathauli	W.Champaran	0.8
	17.	Barwal	W.Champaran	1.6
			Total :=>	16.50
JHARKHAND	1.	Mandal	Palamu	24.00
	2.	Tenu Bokaro	Bokaro	1.00
	3.	Chandil	Saraikhela	8.00
	4.	Sadni	Gumla	1.00
	5.	Lower Ghaghri	Palamu	0.40
	6.	Netarhat	Palamu	0.05
	7.	Jalimghagh	Gumla	0.20
	8.	Nindighagh	Lohardaga	0.20
	Total :=>			34.85 MW

 

C.        IDENTIFIED/FUTURE SMALL HYDEL PROJECTS
	Sl. No.		Project	District	Installed Capacity (MW)
BIHAR
	1.		Dharampur	Gopalganj	0.4
	2.		Laxmipur	Gopalganj	0.5
	3.		Dhawani	Rohtas	0.5
	4.		Dudhar	Rohtas	0.5
	5.		Arang	Rohtas	0.5
	6.		Harpur	Rohtas	0.3
	7.		Chauri	Rohtas	0.3
	8.		Delia	Rohtas	0.3
	9.		Pawana	Rohtas	0.2
	10.		Churanti	Rohtas	0.4
	11.		Karkatgarh fall	Kaimur	20.0
	12.		Sudhdave Patati	Gopalganj	0.10
	13.		Sangwadih	Gopalganj	0.10
	14.		Bhimpur	Gopalganj	0.25
	15.		Bhora	Gopalganj	0.30
	16.		Kakolat	Nawada	0.15
	17.		Dehri Phase-II	Rohtas	3.00
	18.		Sakwa	Bhojpur	0.10
	19.		Gusel	Rohtas	0.10
	20.		Mahabalipur	Patna	0.40
	21.		Sikrawl	Buxar	0.20
	22.		Bhakhawa	Buxar	0.10
	23.		Pashara	Buxar	0.05
	24.		Amba	Aurangabad	0.10
	25.		Kataiya	Supaul	3.00
	26.		Pursa	Supaul	8.00
	27.		Bathnaha Phazse-I	Araria	8.00
	28.		Arar Ghat	Madhepura	12.00
	29.		Malhanwa	Supaul	6.00
	30.		Dawatpur	Supaul	6.00
	31.		Thumha	Supaul	3.50
	32.		Singheswar Bazar	Supaul	3.50
	33.		Koriyapatti	Supaul	3.00
	34.		Manhara	Saharsa	8.00
	35.		Shatokar	Madhepura	600
	36.		Jadiya	Supaul	3.00
	37.		Dagmara Phase-II	Supaul	3.00
	38.		Arnama	Madhubani	3.00
	39.		Bathnaha Phase-II	Araria	4.00
	40.		Chittani	Madhubani	3.00
	41.		Nirmali	Supaul	14.00
	42.		Singhwarni	Munger	8.00
	Total:=>				133.85 MW
JHARKHAND	1.	Palkot		Ranchi	1.00
	2.	Bandgaon		W. Singhbhum	1.00
	3.	Tapkara		Gumla	1.00
	4.	Bharmo		Gumla	1.00
	5.	Kamta Nala		Lohardagga	1.00
	6.	Chainpur		Gumla	1.00
	7.	Barmini Nala		W.Singhbhum	1.00
	8.	Bundu		Ranchi	0.30
	9.	Bakranala		Lohardagga	0.20
	10.	Amarpura		Shahebganj	0.20
	11.	Torpa		Ranchi	0.20
	12.	Gopikunda		Dumka	0.10
	13.	Sanwa		W.Singhbhum	0.10
	14.	Khuti		Ranchi	0.10
	15.	Murhu		Ranchi	0.40
	16.	Khutpani		W.Singhbhum	0.20
	17.	Tonto		W.Singhbhum	0.60
	18.	Chandwa		Palamu	0.30
	19.	Shenha		Lohardagga	0.20
	20.	Bisunpur		Gumla	0.10
	21.	Hundu		Ranchi	1.00
	22.	Sugabandh		Palamu	3.00
	Total:=>				14.00 MW

 

IDENTIFIED /FUTURE BIG  HYDEL PROJECTS
	Sl. No.	Project	District	Installed Capacity (MW)
BIHAR	1.	Indrapuri HEP	Rohtas	450
	2.	Telharkund PSS	Kaimur	400
	3.	Sinafdar PSS	Kaimur	345
	4.	Panchgotia PSS	Kaimur	225
	5.	Hathiadah & Durgawati PSS	Kaimur	1600
	6.	Kohira PSS	Kaimur	400
	7.	Dagmara HEP (Kosi)	Supaul	126
		Total :=>		3546 MW
JHARKHAND	1.	Sankh (Stage-II)	Gumla	186
	2.	Kanhar PSS	Palamu	300 MW
			Total :=>	486 MW

 

A   B   S   T   R   A   C   T
		BIHAR	JHARKHAND
1.	In operation	51.10	0.05
2.	Under Construction	16.50	34.85
3.	Identified [i] Small	133.85	14.00
	[ii] Big	3546.00	486.00
	TOTAL :=>	3748.00	534.90

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Consultancy Services

Scope of work

The Bihar State Hydroelectric Power Corporation (BHPC) during two decades of their existence have accumulated credible experience and expertise in the development of hydel power projects. The BHPC are poised to go beyond states of Bihar and Jharkhand which have hitherto comprised areas of their operation. 

The BHPC have arrangements with Alternate Hydro Energy Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee for a variety of technical services which include preparation of tender documents, evaluation of bids, Vendor identification and selection, design calculation and  appraisal and detailed project reports (DPRs). 

The BHPC have been able to obtain financial support in the form of loan from such organizations as the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD), Power Finance Corporations (PFC) and the Overseas Economic Cooperation  Fund  (now Japan Bank for international Co-operation) for their projects. 

The BHPC’s operational plants have achieved as much as 90% of targeted generation. Their projects on canal systems of Bihar are coming up as per schedule. 

The BHPC are now ready to make available their services as consultants to other agencies all over the country in the field of hydro power. The gamut of services offered include all aspects of projects planning as also  operation and maintenance of running plants.

River Basin and Power Potential

 

       Site Selection

       Identification of power potential

       Pre-feasibility studies

       Reservoir competence studies

 

Detailed Investigations

 

      Topographical survey

       Hydrometerological studies.

       Geological and geotechnical survey

       Soil Investigation

       Construction material survey

       Communication Survey

 

Detailed Design and Engineering

 

    Design and specification  drawings for civil, electro-mechanical & hydro-mechanical  works of Hydro Power Stations 

       Detailed engineering and specifications for electro-mechanical and hydro-mechanical equipment 

       Selection of generating plant, electro-mechanical and hydro-mechanical equipment 

     Detailed engineering designs of civil works (dams, barrages, tunnels power houses and other structures). 

       Co-ordinate Model studies

       Design of gates and hoisting arrangement

 

       Detailed construction drawings.

 

       Preparation of Tender Document with specifications and bill of quantities.

 

Evaluation of Bids

 

       Short listing of vendor and selection

       Evaluation of bids

       Recommendation for final selection

 

Construction Planning and Management

 

       Construction planning (Selection of construction equipment) 

       Planning and layout of infrastructure for Project Implementation 

       Project management 

       Physical and financial monitoring of Projects 

       Cost control Measures

 

Environment Management

 

       Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) 

       Environment Management Plans (EMP) 

       Catchment Area Treatment (CAT) plans 

       Compensatory afforestation plans

       Socio-economic studies

       Landscaping plans for the project area. 

       Resettlement & Rehabilitation (R&R) plan preparation

 

Detailed Project Report-Clearance-Investment Decision

 

       Preparation of Detailed Project Report (DPR)

       Appraisal  and modification (if needed) of DPR, prepared by other agencies. 

       Assistance in statutory clearances like techno-economic, environment & forest, water resources

 

Quality Control and Assurance

 

       Ensuring maintenance of quality standards as per BIS and other international standards. 

       Quality Control tests and preparation of test reports etc. 

       Quality Control Manual for Projects

 

Monitoring Services

 

       Concurrent Inspection, Monitoring and evaluation of on going projects 

       Identification of weak links and  rectification of slippages 

       Ensure timely  completion of projects.

 

 

Renovation, Modernization and uprating (RMU) of Hydro Power Stations 

 

       BHPC undertakes renovation, modernization and uprating of hydro power stations

 

 

Small Hydro Power Development

 

       BHPC is a leader in the field of small hydro power development 

       Undertakes turnkey projects from investigation to project completion.